यस पाठमा
परिभाषा
The definition
“यी तीन तृष्णा छन्। कुन तीन? कामतृष्णा, भवतृष्णा र विभवतृष्णा। यी तीन तृष्णा हुन्।”
"There are these three cravings. Which three? Craving for sensuality, craving for becoming, craving for non-becoming. These are the three cravings."
— Iti 58
— Iti 58
मुटुमा गडेको तीर
An arrow in the heart
“तृष्णा… एउटा तीर हो। अविद्याको विषले चाहना, राग र द्वेषमार्फत आफ्नो विषाक्तता फैलाउँछ।”
"Craving is... an arrow. The poison of ignorance spreads its toxin through desire, passion, & ill will."
— MN 105
— MN 105
छ प्रकारका तृष्णा
Six kinds of craving
“तृष्णाका यी छ वर्ग छन्: रूपको तृष्णा, शब्दको तृष्णा, गन्धको तृष्णा, रसको तृष्णा, स्पर्शको तृष्णा र मनका विषयको तृष्णा।”
"There are these six classes of craving: craving for forms, craving for sounds, craving for odors, craving for flavors, craving for tangibles, craving for mind-objects."
— MN 9
— MN 9
हामीलाई संसारमा अल्झाउने कुरा
What traps us in samsara
“भिक्षुहरू, जुन बन्धनले बाँधिएर प्राणीहरू लामो, अति लामो समयसम्म तृष्णामै जकडिएर भौँतारिन्छन् र जन्मान्तरमा घुमिरहन्छन्, त्यस्तो तृष्णाको बन्धनजस्तो अर्को एउटै बन्धन पनि म देख्दिनँ। तृष्णाको बन्धनले बाँधिएका प्राणीहरू लामो, अति लामो समयसम्म तृष्णामै जकडिएर भौँतारिन्छन् र जन्मान्तरमा घुमिरहन्छन्।”
"Monks, I don't envision even one other fetter — fettered by which beings conjoined go wandering and transmigrating on for a long, long time — like the fetter of craving. Fettered with the fetter of craving, beings conjoined go wandering and transmigrating on for a long, long time."
— Iti 15
— Iti 15
तृष्णाको बन्धनमा बाँधिएका, भव र विभवले चित्त आक्रान्त भएका, उनीहरू मारको बन्धनमा बाँधिएका छन्— बन्धनबाट सुरक्षित हुन नसकेका मानिसहरू, संसारमा भौँतारिइरहेका प्राणीहरू, जन्म र मृत्युतर्फ गइरहेका। तर जसले तृष्णा त्यागेका छन्, भव र विभवको तृष्णाबाट मुक्त छन्, आस्रवहरूको अन्तमा पुगेका छन्, उनीहरू संसारमा रहँदा पनि पार गइसकेका छन्।
Bound with the bondage of craving, their minds smitten with becoming & non-, they are bound with the bondage of Mara — people with no safety from bondage, beings going through the wandering-on, headed for birth & death. While those who've abandoned craving, free from the craving for becoming & non-, reaching the ending of fermentations, though in the world, have gone beyond.
— Iti 58
— Iti 58
दुःखको कारण
A cause of dukkha
“कुन कारणले दुःख उत्पन्न हुन्छ? तृष्णा त्यो कारण हो जसबाट दुःख उत्पन्न हुन्छ।
"And what is the cause by which stress comes into play? Craving is the cause by which stress comes into play.
— AN 6.63
— AN 6.63
तृष्णाका जरा काट्नु
Cutting the roots of craving
यदि जरा अक्षत र बलियो रह्यो भने, काटिएको रूख पनि फेरि पलाउँछ। त्यसरी नै भित्र लुकेको तृष्णा जरैदेखि उखेलिएन भने, यो दुःख फेरि बारम्बार फर्कन्छ।
If its root remains undamaged & strong, a tree, even if cut, will grow back. So too if latent craving is not rooted out, this suffering returns again & again.
— Dhp 338
— Dhp 338
तृष्णाले घेरिएका मानिसहरू पासोमा परेको खरायोझैँ यताउति उफ्रिरहन्छन्। संयोजन र बन्धनले बाँधिएर उनीहरू लामो समयसम्म बारम्बार दुःखतर्फ जान्छन्।
Encircled with craving, people hop round & around like a rabbit caught in a snare. Tied with fetters & bonds they go on to suffering, again & again, for long.
— Dhp 342
— Dhp 342
जो आफ्नै विचारले धकेलिएको छ, जसको राग तीव्र छ, जो सुन्दरतामै ध्यान लगाउँछ, उसको तृष्णा झन्झन् बढ्छ। उसैले आफ्नो बन्धन कस्छ। तर जो विचारको शमनमा रमाउँछ, सधैँ स्मृतिमान् रहँदै असुन्दर पक्षमा ध्यान (अशुभभावना) विकसित गर्छ, उसैले अन्त गर्नेछ, उसैले मारको बन्धन काट्नेछ।
For a person forced on by his thinking, fierce in his passion, focused on beauty, craving grows all the more. He's the one who tightens the bond. But one who delights in the stilling of thinking, always mindful cultivating a focus on the foul: He's the one who will make an end, the one who will cut Mara's bond.
— Dhp 349-350
तृष्णा कहाँ उत्पन्न हुन्छ र कहाँ टिकिरहन्छ?
Where does craving arise, and where does it dwell?
“यो तृष्णा उत्पन्न हुँदा कहाँ उत्पन्न हुन्छ? टिकिरहँदा कहाँ टिकिरहन्छ? संसारमा जुन कुरा प्रिय र मनपर्दो देखिन्छ, यो तृष्णा उत्पन्न हुँदा त्यहीँ उत्पन्न हुन्छ। टिकिरहँदा त्यहीँ टिकिरहन्छ।
"And where does this craving, when arising, arise? And where, when dwelling, does it dwell? Whatever seems endearing and agreeable in terms of the world: that is where this craving, when arising, arises. That is where, when dwelling, it dwells.
“संसारमा के प्रिय र मनपर्दो देखिन्छ? आँखा संसारमा प्रिय र मनपर्दो देखिन्छ। यो तृष्णा उत्पन्न हुँदा त्यहीँ उत्पन्न हुन्छ। टिकिरहँदा त्यहीँ टिकिरहन्छ।
"And what seems endearing and agreeable in terms of the world? The eye seems endearing and agreeable in terms of the world. That is where this craving, when arising, arises. That is where, when dwelling, it dwells.
“कान… नाक… जिब्रो… शरीर… मन…
"The ear... The nose... The tongue... The body... The intellect...
“रूप… शब्द… गन्ध… रस… स्पर्श… मनका विषय…
"Forms... Sounds... Smells... Tastes... Tactile sensations... Ideas...
“चक्षुविज्ञान… श्रोत्रविज्ञान… घ्राणविज्ञान… जिह्वाविज्ञान… कायविज्ञान… मनोविज्ञान…
"Eye-consciousness... Ear-consciousness... Nose-consciousness... Tongue-consciousness... Body-consciousness... Intellect-consciousness...
“चक्षुस्पर्श… श्रोत्रस्पर्श… घ्राणस्पर्श… जिह्वास्पर्श… कायस्पर्श… मनःस्पर्श…
"Eye-contact... Ear-contact... Nose-contact... Tongue-contact... Body-contact... Intellect-contact...
“चक्षुस्पर्शबाट उत्पन्न वेदना… श्रोत्रस्पर्शबाट उत्पन्न वेदना… घ्राणस्पर्शबाट उत्पन्न वेदना… जिह्वास्पर्शबाट उत्पन्न वेदना… कायस्पर्शबाट उत्पन्न वेदना… मनःस्पर्शबाट उत्पन्न वेदना…
"Feeling born of eye-contact... Feeling born of ear-contact... Feeling born of nose-contact... Feeling born of tongue-contact... Feeling born of body-contact... Feeling born of intellect-contact...
“रूपको संज्ञा… शब्दको संज्ञा… गन्धको संज्ञा… रसको संज्ञा… स्पर्शको संज्ञा… मनका विषयको संज्ञा…
"Perception of forms... Perception of sounds... Perception of smells... Perception of tastes... Perception of tactile sensations... Perception of ideas...
“रूपप्रतिको चेतना… शब्दप्रतिको चेतना… गन्धप्रतिको चेतना… रसप्रतिको चेतना… स्पर्शप्रतिको चेतना… मनका विषयप्रतिको चेतना…
"Intention for forms... Intention for sounds... Intention for smells... Intention for tastes... Intention for tactile sensations... Intention for ideas...
“रूपको तृष्णा… शब्दको तृष्णा… गन्धको तृष्णा… रसको तृष्णा… स्पर्शको तृष्णा… मनका विषयको तृष्णा…
"Craving for forms... Craving for sounds... Craving for smells... Craving for tastes... Craving for tactile sensations... Craving for ideas...
“रूपतर्फ लगाइएको वितर्क… शब्दतर्फ लगाइएको वितर्क… गन्धतर्फ लगाइएको वितर्क… रसतर्फ लगाइएको वितर्क… स्पर्शतर्फ लगाइएको वितर्क… मनका विषयतर्फ लगाइएको वितर्क…
"Thought directed at forms... Thought directed at sounds... Thought directed at smells... Thought directed at tastes... Thought directed at tactile sensations... Thought directed at ideas...
“रूपको विचार… शब्दको विचार… गन्धको विचार… रसको विचार… स्पर्शको विचार… मनका विषयको विचार संसारमा प्रिय र मनपर्दो देखिन्छ। यो तृष्णा उत्पन्न हुँदा त्यहीँ उत्पन्न हुन्छ। टिकिरहँदा त्यहीँ टिकिरहन्छ।
"Evaluation of forms... Evaluation of sounds... Evaluation of smells... Evaluation of tastes... Evaluation of tactile sensations... Evaluation of ideas seems endearing and agreeable in terms of the world. That is where this craving, when arising, arises. That is where, when dwelling, it dwells.
— DN 22
— DN 22
यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्:
See also:
दोस्रो आर्यसत्य
उदारता (दान)
सामान्य अनुक्रमणिकामा “तण्हा”
"Tanha" in the General Index