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सम्यक् स्मृति

Right Mindfulness

सम्मा सति

पढ्ने भाषाहरू

अनुच्छेदमा छुँदा समानान्तर पाठ स्पष्ट हुन्छ।

यस पाठमा

सम्यक् स्मृति आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्गका आठ अङ्गमध्ये सातौँ हो र मार्गको समाधि खण्डमा पर्छ।

Right Mindfulness is the seventh of the eight path factors in the Noble Eightfold Path, and belongs to the concentration division of the path.

परिभाषा: स्मृतिका चार आधार

The definition (the four frames of reference)

“सम्यक् स्मृति के हो? यहाँ भिक्षु शरीरलाई शरीरकै रूपमा अवलोकन गर्दै रहन्छ—आतापी, सम्प्रज्ञानी र स्मृतिमान् भएर, संसारप्रतिको लोभ र दौर्मनस्य पन्छाएर। ऊ वेदनालाई वेदनाकै रूपमा… चित्तलाई चित्तकै रूपमा… मानसिक धर्महरूलाई मानसिक धर्मकै रूपमा अवलोकन गर्दै रहन्छ—आतापी, सम्प्रज्ञानी र स्मृतिमान् भएर, संसारप्रतिको लोभ र दौर्मनस्य पन्छाएर। यसलाई सम्यक् स्मृति भनिन्छ…

"And what is right mindfulness? There is the case where a monk remains focused on the body in & of itself — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world. He remains focused on feelings in & of themselves... the mind in & of itself... mental qualities in & of themselves — ardent, alert, & mindful — putting aside greed & distress with reference to the world. This is called right mindfulness...

“प्राणीहरूको शुद्धिका लागि, शोक र विलाप पार गर्नका लागि, दुःख र दौर्मनस्य हटाउनका लागि, सम्यक् पद्धति प्राप्त गर्नका लागि र निर्वाण साक्षात्कार गर्नका लागि यो सीधा मार्ग हो—अर्थात् स्मृतिका चार आधार।”

"This is the direct path for the purification of beings, for the overcoming of sorrow & lamentation, for the disappearance of pain & distress, for the attainment of the right method, & for the realization of Unbinding — in other words, the four frames of reference."

— DN 22

— DN 22

मार्गका मिथ्या अङ्गहरूको त्याग

Abandoning the wrong factors of the path

“मिथ्या दृष्टि त्याग्न र सम्यक् दृष्टिमा प्रविष्ट भएर त्यसमा रहन व्यक्ति स्मृतिमान् रहन्छ: यही उसको सम्यक् स्मृति हो…

"One is mindful to abandon wrong view & to enter & remain in right view: This is one's right mindfulness...

“मिथ्या सङ्कल्प त्याग्न र सम्यक् सङ्कल्पमा प्रविष्ट भएर त्यसमा रहन व्यक्ति स्मृतिमान् रहन्छ: यही उसको सम्यक् स्मृति हो…

"One is mindful to abandon wrong resolve & to enter & remain in right resolve: This is one's right mindfulness...

“मिथ्या वाणी त्याग्न र सम्यक् वाणीमा प्रविष्ट भएर त्यसमा रहन व्यक्ति स्मृतिमान् रहन्छ: यही उसको सम्यक् स्मृति हो…

"One is mindful to abandon wrong speech & to enter & remain in right speech: This is one's right mindfulness...

“मिथ्या कर्मान्त त्याग्न र सम्यक् कर्मान्तमा प्रविष्ट भएर त्यसमा रहन व्यक्ति स्मृतिमान् रहन्छ: यही उसको सम्यक् स्मृति हो…

"One is mindful to abandon wrong action & to enter & remain in right action: This is one's right mindfulness...

“मिथ्या आजीविका त्याग्न र सम्यक् आजीविकामा प्रविष्ट भएर त्यसमा रहन व्यक्ति स्मृतिमान् रहन्छ: यही उसको सम्यक् स्मृति हो…”

"One is mindful to abandon wrong livelihood & to enter & remain in right livelihood: This is one's right mindfulness..."

— MN 117

— MN 117

टाउकोमा तेलको भाँडो सन्तुलनमा राखेझैँ

Like balancing a pot of oil on one's head

“भिक्षुहरू, मानौँ मानिसहरूको ठूलो भीड ‘जनपदकल्याणी! जनपदकल्याणी!’ भन्दै जम्मा हुन्छ। मानौँ ती सुन्दरी गायन र नृत्यमा अति निपुण छिन्, जसले गर्दा अझ ठूलो भीड ‘जनपदकल्याणी गाउँदैछिन्! जनपदकल्याणी नाच्दैछिन्!’ भन्दै जम्मा हुन्छ। त्यस बेला जीवन चाहने, मृत्युदेखि पन्छिने, सुख चाहने र दुःख मन नपराउने एक मानिस आइपुग्छ। मानिसहरूले उसलाई भन्छन्: ‘हेर भाइ, यो मुखसम्म तेलले भरिएको कचौरा टाउकोमा राखेर ठूलो भीड र ती सुन्दरीको बीचबाट लैजानुपर्छ। उठाएको तरवार बोकेको मानिस ठीक तिम्रो पछिपछि आउनेछ। जहाँ एक थोपा तेल पोख्छौ, त्यहीँ उसले तिम्रो टाउको काट्नेछ।’ भिक्षुहरू, तिमीहरूलाई के लाग्छ? के त्यो मानिसले तेलको कचौरामा ध्यान नदिई बाहिरका कुराले आफूलाई विचलित हुन देला?”

"Suppose, monks, that a large crowd of people comes thronging together, saying, 'The beauty queen! The beauty queen!' And suppose that the beauty queen is highly accomplished at singing & dancing, so that an even greater crowd comes thronging, saying, 'The beauty queen is singing! The beauty queen is dancing!' Then a man comes along, desiring life & shrinking from death, desiring pleasure & abhorring pain. They say to him, 'Now look here, mister. You must take this bowl filled to the brim with oil and carry it on your head in between the great crowd & the beauty queen. A man with a raised sword will follow right behind you, and wherever you spill even a drop of oil, right there will he cut off your head.' Now what do you think, monks: Will that man, not paying attention to the bowl of oil, let himself get distracted outside?"

“होइन, भन्ते।”

"No, lord."

“एउटा अर्थ बुझाउन मैले तिमीहरूलाई यो उपमा दिएको हुँ। यसको अर्थ यस्तो छ: मुखसम्म तेलले भरिएको कचौराले शरीरमा स्थापित स्मृतिलाई जनाउँछ। त्यसैले तिमीहरूले यसरी अभ्यास गर्नुपर्छ: ‘हामी शरीरमा स्थापित स्मृति विकसित गर्नेछौँ। त्यसको अभ्यास गर्नेछौँ, त्यसलाई अगुवा र आधार बनाउनेछौँ, स्थापित गर्नेछौँ, स्थिर पार्नेछौँ, सुदृढ बनाउनेछौँ र राम्ररी अभ्यास गर्नेछौँ।’ तिमीहरूले यसरी अभ्यास गर्नुपर्छ।”

"I have given you this parable to convey a meaning. The meaning is this: The bowl filled to the brim with oil stands for mindfulness immersed in the body. Thus you should train yourselves: 'We will develop mindfulness immersed in the body. We will pursue it, hand it the reins and take it as a basis, give it a grounding, steady it, consolidate it, and undertake it well.' That is how you should train yourselves."

— SN 47.20

मृत्युको स्मृतिमा ध्यान

Meditation on death

“मृत्युस्मृति विकसित र अभ्यास गर्दा ठूलो फल र ठूलो लाभ हुन्छ। यो अमृतमा प्रवेश गर्छ, अमृत नै यसको अन्तिम लक्ष्य हुन्छ। त्यसैले मृत्युस्मृति विकसित गर्नुपर्छ।”

"Mindfulness of death, when developed & pursued, is of great fruit & great benefit. It plunges into the Deathless, has the Deathless as its final end. Therefore you should develop mindfulness of death."

— AN 6.19

श्वासप्रश्वासमा ध्यान

Meditation on breathing

“आनापानस्मृति विकसित र अभ्यास गर्दा ठूलो फल र ठूलो लाभ हुन्छ। आनापानस्मृति विकसित र अभ्यास गर्दा स्मृतिका चार आधार पूर्णतामा पुग्छन्। स्मृतिका चार आधार विकसित र अभ्यास गर्दा सात बोध्यङ्ग पूर्णतामा पुग्छन्। सात बोध्यङ्ग विकसित र अभ्यास गर्दा विद्या र विमुक्ति पूर्णतामा पुग्छन्।

"Mindfulness of in-&-out breathing, when developed & pursued, is of great fruit, of great benefit. Mindfulness of in-&-out breathing, when developed & pursued, brings the four frames of reference to their culmination. The four frames of reference, when developed & pursued, bring the seven factors for Awakening to their culmination. The seven factors for Awakening, when developed & pursued, bring clear knowing & release to their culmination.

“आनापानस्मृति कसरी विकसित र अभ्यास गर्दा ठूलो फल र ठूलो लाभ हुन्छ?

"Now how is mindfulness of in-&-out breathing developed & pursued so as to be of great fruit, of great benefit?

“यहाँ भिक्षु वनमा, रूखको छहारीमा वा खाली भवनमा गएर पलेँटी कसी बस्छ, शरीर सिधा राख्छ र स्मृतिलाई अगाडि स्थापित गर्छ। सधैँ स्मृतिमान् भएर सास भित्र लिन्छ; स्मृतिमान् भएर सास बाहिर छोड्छ।

"There is the case where a monk, having gone to the wilderness, to the shade of a tree, or to an empty building, sits down folding his legs crosswise, holding his body erect, and setting mindfulness to the fore. Always mindful, he breathes in; mindful he breathes out.

“[१] लामो सास भित्र लिँदा ‘म लामो सास भित्र लिँदैछु’ भनेर जान्छ; वा लामो सास बाहिर छोड्दा ‘म लामो सास बाहिर छोड्दैछु’ भनेर जान्छ। [२] छोटो सास भित्र लिँदा ‘म छोटो सास भित्र लिँदैछु’ भनेर जान्छ; वा छोटो सास बाहिर छोड्दा ‘म छोटो सास बाहिर छोड्दैछु’ भनेर जान्छ। [३] ऊ अभ्यास गर्छ: ‘पूरै शरीर अनुभव गर्दै सास भित्र लिनेछु।’ अभ्यास गर्छ: ‘पूरै शरीर अनुभव गर्दै सास बाहिर छोड्नेछु।’ [४] अभ्यास गर्छ: ‘कायसंस्कार शान्त पार्दै सास भित्र लिनेछु।’ अभ्यास गर्छ: ‘कायसंस्कार शान्त पार्दै सास बाहिर छोड्नेछु।’

"[1] Breathing in long, he discerns, 'I am breathing in long'; or breathing out long, he discerns, 'I am breathing out long.' [2] Or breathing in short, he discerns, 'I am breathing in short'; or breathing out short, he discerns, 'I am breathing out short.' [3] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in sensitive to the entire body.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out sensitive to the entire body.' [4] He trains himself, 'I will breathe in calming bodily fabrication.' He trains himself, 'I will breathe out calming bodily fabrication.'

“[५] ऊ प्रीति अनुभव गर्दै सास भित्र लिन र प्रीति अनुभव गर्दै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [६] सुख अनुभव गर्दै सास भित्र लिन र सुख अनुभव गर्दै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [७] मानसिक प्रक्रियाहरू अनुभव गर्दै सास भित्र लिन र मानसिक प्रक्रियाहरू अनुभव गर्दै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [८] मानसिक प्रक्रियाहरू शान्त पार्दै सास भित्र लिन र मानसिक प्रक्रियाहरू शान्त पार्दै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ।

"[5] He trains himself to breathe in sensitive to rapture, and to breathe out sensitive to rapture. [6] He trains himself to breathe in sensitive to pleasure, and to breathe out sensitive to pleasure. [7] He trains himself to breathe in sensitive to mental processes, and to breathe out sensitive to mental processes. [8] He trains himself to breathe in calming mental processes, and to breathe out calming mental processes.

“[९] ऊ चित्त अनुभव गर्दै सास भित्र लिन र चित्त अनुभव गर्दै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [१०] चित्तलाई प्रसन्न पार्दै सास भित्र लिन र चित्तलाई प्रसन्न पार्दै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [११] चित्त स्थिर पार्दै सास भित्र लिन र चित्त स्थिर पार्दै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [१२] चित्त मुक्त पार्दै सास भित्र लिन र चित्त मुक्त पार्दै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ।

"[9] He trains himself to breathe in sensitive to the mind, and to breathe out sensitive to the mind. [10] He trains himself to breathe in satisfying the mind, and to breathe out satisfying the mind. [11] He trains himself to breathe in steadying the mind, and to breathe out steadying the mind. [12] He trains himself to breathe in releasing the mind, and to breathe out releasing the mind.

“[१३] ऊ अनित्यतामा ध्यान दिँदै सास भित्र लिन र अनित्यतामा ध्यान दिँदै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [१४] विरागमा [शाब्दिक अर्थ: राग फिका हुँदै जानु] ध्यान दिँदै सास भित्र लिन र विरागमा ध्यान दिँदै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [१५] निरोधमा ध्यान दिँदै सास भित्र लिन र निरोधमा ध्यान दिँदै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ। [१६] परित्यागमा ध्यान दिँदै सास भित्र लिन र परित्यागमा ध्यान दिँदै सास बाहिर छोड्न अभ्यास गर्छ।”

"[13] He trains himself to breathe in focusing on inconstancy, and to breathe out focusing on inconstancy. [14] He trains himself to breathe in focusing on dispassion [literally, fading], and to breathe out focusing on dispassion. [15] He trains himself to breathe in focusing on cessation, and to breathe out focusing on cessation. [16] He trains himself to breathe in focusing on relinquishment, and to breathe out focusing on relinquishment."

— MN 118

— MN 118

यो पनि हेर्नुहोस्:

See also:

सम्यक् व्यायाम

सम्यक् समाधि

चार आर्यसत्य

चौथो आर्यसत्य

महासतिपट्ठान सुत्त (DN 22) — स्मृतिका महान् आधार

The Wings to Awakening मा “स्मृतिका चार आधार”

"The Four Frames of Reference" in The Wings to Awakening

स्रोत र अनुवाद

यो Access to Insight को अङ्ग्रेजी अध्ययन सामग्रीको नेपाली र हिन्दी अनुवाद हो; प्रत्यक्ष पालिबाट गरिएको सुत्त अनुवाद होइन। दुवै अनुवाद AI-सहायतामा तयार गरिएका प्रारूप हुन्; मानव वा विषयविज्ञको प्रमाणीकरण भएको छैन। अङ्ग्रेजी शब्दावली जस्ताको तस्तै राखिएको छ; प्रस्तुति, अनुच्छेद सङ्केत र आन्तरिक लिङ्क मिलाइएको छ। स्रोत संस्था वा अनुवादकको समर्थन दाबी गरिएको छैन।

रूपान्तरण: नेपाली र हिन्दी अनुवाद, समानान्तर प्रस्तुति र पाठांश सङ्केत — dharma.media, २०२६।

मूल पाठ: Right Mindfulness

©2005 Access to Insight.

The text of this page ("Right Mindfulness: samma sati", by Access to Insight) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Documents linked from this page may be subject to other restrictions. Last revised for Access to Insight on 5 November 2013.

CC BY-NC 4.0

How to cite this document (a suggested style): "Right Mindfulness: samma sati", edited by Access to Insight. Access to Insight (BCBS Edition), 5 November 2013, https://www.accesstoinsight.org/ptf/dhamma/sacca/sacca4/samma-sati/index.html .

पुनःप्रयोग गर्दा मूल इजाजतपत्र र तलका सबै लागू सूचनाहरू सुरक्षित राख्नुहोस्। केही उद्धरणका सर्तले निःशुल्क वितरण र बढीमा ५० प्रतिको पुनर्मुद्रण अनुमति दिन्छन्। यस पृष्ठको इजाजतपत्रले ती छुट्टै सर्त हटाउँदैन।

उद्धृत अनुवादका श्रेय र सर्तहरू

Maranassati Sutta: Mindfulness of Death (1)

Thanissaro Bhikkhu ©1997 Thanissaro Bhikkhu.

The text of this page ("Maranassati Sutta: Mindfulness of Death (1)", by Thanissaro Bhikkhu) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Documents linked from this page may be subject to other restrictions. Transcribed from a file provided by the translator. Last revised for Access to Insight on 30 November 2013.

How to cite this document (a suggested style): "Maranassati Sutta: Mindfulness of Death (1)" (AN 6.19), translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Access to Insight (BCBS Edition), 30 November 2013, https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an06/an06.019.than.html .

Maha-satipatthana Sutta: The Great Frames of Reference

Thanissaro Bhikkhu ©2000 Thanissaro Bhikkhu.

The text of this page (" Maha-satipatthana Sutta: The Great Frames of Reference", by Thanissaro Bhikkhu) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Documents linked from this page may be subject to other restrictions. Transcribed from a file provided by the translator. Last revised for Access to Insight on 30 November 2013.

How to cite this document (a suggested style): " Maha-satipatthana Sutta: The Great Frames of Reference" (DN 22), translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Access to Insight (BCBS Edition), 30 November 2013, https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/dn/dn.22.0.than.html .

Maha-cattarisaka Sutta: The Great Forty

Thanissaro Bhikkhu ©1997 Thanissaro Bhikkhu.

The text of this page ("Maha-cattarisaka Sutta: The Great Forty", by Thanissaro Bhikkhu) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Documents linked from this page may be subject to other restrictions. Transcribed from a file provided by the translator. Last revised for Access to Insight on 30 November 2013.

How to cite this document (a suggested style): "Maha-cattarisaka Sutta: The Great Forty" (MN 117), translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Access to Insight (BCBS Edition), 30 November 2013, https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/mn/mn.117.than.html .

Anapanasati Sutta: Mindfulness of Breathing

Thanissaro Bhikkhu ©2006 Thanissaro Bhikkhu.

The text of this page ("Anapanasati Sutta: Mindfulness of Breathing", by Thanissaro Bhikkhu) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Documents linked from this page may be subject to other restrictions. Transcribed from a file provided by the translator. Last revised for Access to Insight on 30 November 2013.

How to cite this document (a suggested style): "Anapanasati Sutta: Mindfulness of Breathing" (MN 118), translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Access to Insight (BCBS Edition), 30 November 2013, https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/mn/mn.118.than.html .

Sedaka Sutta: At Sedaka

Thanissaro Bhikkhu ©1997 Thanissaro Bhikkhu.

The text of this page ("Sedaka Sutta: At Sedaka", by Thanissaro Bhikkhu) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Documents linked from this page may be subject to other restrictions. Transcribed from a file provided by the translator. Last revised for Access to Insight on 30 November 2013.

How to cite this document (a suggested style): "Sedaka Sutta: At Sedaka" (SN 47.20), translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Access to Insight (BCBS Edition), 30 November 2013, https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn47/sn47.020.than.html .

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