चौथो आर्यसत्य

“भिक्षुहरू, दुःखको निरोधतर्फ लैजाने अभ्यासमार्गको आर्यसत्य यही हो: यही आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग—सम्यक् दृष्टि, सम्यक् सङ्कल्प, सम्यक् वाणी, सम्यक् कर्मान्त, सम्यक् आजीविका, सम्यक् व्यायाम, सम्यक् स्मृति र सम्यक् समाधि।”

"And this, monks, is the noble truth of the way of practice leading to the cessation of dukkha: precisely this Noble Eightfold Path: right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration."

[उपासक विसाख, आयुष्मती धम्मदिन्नाका पूर्वपति:] “आर्ये, तीन स्कन्ध [शील, समाधि र प्रज्ञाका] आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्गभित्र समेटिन्छन् कि आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग ती तीन स्कन्धभित्र समेटिन्छ?”

[Visakha, a layman, ex-husband of Ven. Sister Dhammadinna:] "And are the three aggregates [of virtue, concentration, discernment] included under the noble eightfold path, lady, or is the noble eightfold path included under the three aggregates?"

[आयुष्मती धम्मदिन्ना:] “मित्र विसाख, तीन स्कन्ध आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्गभित्र समेटिँदैनन्; बरु आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग तीन स्कन्धभित्र समेटिन्छ। सम्यक् वाणी, सम्यक् कर्मान्त र सम्यक् आजीविका शीलस्कन्धमा पर्छन्। सम्यक् व्यायाम, सम्यक् स्मृति र सम्यक् समाधि समाधिस्कन्धमा पर्छन्। सम्यक् दृष्टि र सम्यक् सङ्कल्प प्रज्ञास्कन्धमा पर्छन्।”

[Ven. Sister Dhammadinna:] "The three aggregates are not included under the noble eightfold path, friend Visakha, but the noble eightfold path is included under the three aggregates. Right speech, right action, & right livelihood come under the aggregate of virtue. Right effort, right mindfulness, & right concentration come under the aggregate of concentration. Right view & right resolve come under the aggregate of discernment."

“मानौँ, वनको बाटोमा हिँडिरहेको कुनै मानिसले पहिलेका मानिसहरू हिँड्ने प्राचीन पथ, प्राचीन बाटो देख्छ। उसले त्यसलाई पछ्याउँछ। पछ्याउँदा पहिलेका मानिस बस्ने प्राचीन नगर, प्राचीन राजधानी देख्छ—उद्यान, वन र पोखरीले सम्पन्न, पर्खालले घेरिएको, रमणीय। ऊ राजा वा राजमन्त्रीकहाँ गएर भन्छ: ‘महाराज, वनको बाटोमा हिँड्दा मैले प्राचीन पथ देखेँ… त्यसलाई पछ्याएँ… प्राचीन नगर, प्राचीन राजधानी देखेँ… उद्यान, वन र पोखरीले सम्पन्न, पर्खालले घेरिएको, रमणीय। महाराज, त्यो नगर पुनर्निर्माण गर्नुहोस्!’ राजा वा राजमन्त्रीले नगर पुनर्निर्माण गर्छन्, र पछि त्यो नगर बलियो, धनी, बाक्लो बस्ती भएको, पूर्ण विकसित र समृद्ध हुन्छ।

"It is just as if a man, traveling along a wilderness track, were to see an ancient path, an ancient road, traveled by people of former times. He would follow it. Following it, he would see an ancient city, an ancient capital inhabited by people of former times, complete with parks, groves, & ponds, walled, delightful. He would go to address the king or the king's minister, saying, 'Sire, you should know that while traveling along a wilderness track I saw an ancient path... I followed it... I saw an ancient city, an ancient capital... complete with parks, groves, & ponds, walled, delightful. Sire, rebuild that city!' The king or king's minister would rebuild the city, so that at a later date the city would become powerful, rich, & well-populated, fully grown & prosperous.

“त्यसैगरी मैले पहिलेका सम्यक्सम्बुद्धहरू हिँडेको प्राचीन पथ, प्राचीन बाटो देखेँ। पहिलेका सम्यक्सम्बुद्धहरू हिँडेको त्यो प्राचीन पथ, प्राचीन बाटो के हो? यही आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग: सम्यक् दृष्टि, सम्यक् सङ्कल्प, सम्यक् वाणी, सम्यक् कर्मान्त, सम्यक् आजीविका, सम्यक् व्यायाम, सम्यक् स्मृति र सम्यक् समाधि… मैले त्यो मार्ग पछ्याएँ। त्यसलाई पछ्याउँदा जन्म… भव… उपादान… तृष्णा… वेदना… स्पर्श… छ आयतन… नामरूप… विज्ञानको प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान, विज्ञानको उत्पत्तिको प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान, विज्ञानको निरोधको प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान र विज्ञानको निरोधतर्फ लैजाने मार्गको प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान प्राप्त गरेँ। मैले त्यो मार्ग पछ्याएँ।

"In the same way I saw an ancient path, an ancient road, traveled by the Rightly Self-awakened Ones of former times. And what is that ancient path, that ancient road, traveled by the Rightly Self-awakened Ones of former times? Just this noble eightfold path: right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration... I followed that path. Following it, I came to direct knowledge of birth... becoming... clinging... craving... feeling... contact... the six sense media... name-&-form... consciousness, direct knowledge of the origination of consciousness, direct knowledge of the cessation of consciousness, direct knowledge of the path leading to the cessation of consciousness. I followed that path.

“त्यसलाई पछ्याउँदा संस्कारहरूको प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान, संस्कारहरूको उत्पत्तिको प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान, संस्कारहरूको निरोधको प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान र संस्कारहरूको निरोधतर्फ लैजाने मार्गको प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञान प्राप्त गरेँ। प्रत्यक्ष जानेर मैले भिक्षु, भिक्षुणी, उपासक र उपासिकाहरूलाई प्रकट गरेँ; फलतः यो ब्रह्मचर्य बलियो, सम्पन्न, विस्तृत, धेरै अनुयायी भएको, व्यापक र देवमनुष्यमा घोषित भएको छ।”

"Following it, I came to direct knowledge of fabrications, direct knowledge of the origination of fabrications, direct knowledge of the cessation of fabrications, direct knowledge of the path leading to the cessation of fabrications. Knowing that directly, I have revealed it to monks, nuns, male lay followers & female lay followers, so that this holy life has become powerful, rich, detailed, well-populated, wide-spread, proclaimed among celestial & human beings."

“यी तीन कुरा आमा र सन्तानलाई छुट्याउने वास्तविक खतरा हुन्। कुन तीन? बूढो हुने खतरा, बिरामी हुने खतरा र मृत्युको खतरा।

"There are these three things that are (genuine) mother-&-child-separating dangers. Which three? The danger of aging, the danger of illness, the danger of death.

“बूढो हुँदै गरेको सन्तानबारे आमाले ‘म बूढी हुँदैछु, तर मेरो सन्तान बूढो नहोस्’ भन्ने इच्छा पूरा गर्न सक्दिनन्। बूढी हुँदै गरेकी आमाबारे सन्तानले ‘म बूढो हुँदैछु, तर मेरी आमा बूढी नहोऊन्’ भन्ने इच्छा पूरा गर्न सक्दैन।

"A mother can't get (her wish) with regard to her child who is aging, 'I am aging, but may my child not age.' A child can't get (its wish) with regard to its mother who is aging, 'I am aging, but may my mother not age.'

“बिरामी हुँदै गरेको सन्तानबारे आमाले ‘म बिरामी हुँदैछु, तर मेरो सन्तान बिरामी नहोस्’ भन्ने इच्छा पूरा गर्न सक्दिनन्। बिरामी हुँदै गरेकी आमाबारे सन्तानले ‘म बिरामी हुँदैछु, तर मेरी आमा बिरामी नहोऊन्’ भन्ने इच्छा पूरा गर्न सक्दैन।

"A mother can't get (her wish) with regard to her child who is growing ill, 'I am growing ill, but may my child not grow ill.' A child can't get (its wish) with regard to its mother who is growing ill, 'I am growing ill, but may my mother not grow ill.'

“मर्न लागेको सन्तानबारे आमाले ‘म मर्दैछु, तर मेरो सन्तान नमरोस्’ भन्ने इच्छा पूरा गर्न सक्दिनन्। मर्न लागेकी आमाबारे सन्तानले ‘म मर्दैछु, तर मेरी आमा नमरून्’ भन्ने इच्छा पूरा गर्न सक्दैन।

"A mother can't get (her wish) with regard to her child who is dying, 'I am dying, but may my child not die.' A child can't get (its wish) with regard to its mother who is dying, 'I am dying, but may my mother not die.'

“यी तीन कुरा आमा र सन्तानलाई छुट्याउने वास्तविक खतरा हुन्।

"These are the three things that are (genuine) mother-&-child-separating dangers.

“आमा र सन्तानलाई जोडिराख्ने यी तीन खतरा तथा आमा र सन्तानलाई छुट्याउने यी तीन खतरा त्याग्न र पार गर्न लैजाने मार्ग छ, अभ्यास छ।

"There is a path, there is a practice, that leads to the abandoning and overcoming of these three mother-&-child-uniting dangers and these three mother-&-child-separating dangers.

“त्यो मार्ग के हो, त्यो अभ्यास के हो…? यही आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग, अर्थात् सम्यक् दृष्टि, सम्यक् सङ्कल्प, सम्यक् वाणी, सम्यक् कर्मान्त, सम्यक् आजीविका, सम्यक् व्यायाम, सम्यक् स्मृति र सम्यक् समाधि।

"And which is that path, which is that practice...? Just this very noble eightfold path, i.e., right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration.

“आमा र सन्तानलाई जोडिराख्ने यी तीन खतरा तथा आमा र सन्तानलाई छुट्याउने यी तीन खतरा त्याग्न र पार गर्न लैजाने मार्ग यही हो, अभ्यास यही हो।”

"This is the path, this the practice, that leads to the abandoning and overcoming of these three mother-&-child-uniting dangers and these three mother-&-child-separating dangers."

“जुन धर्म र विनयमा आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग पाइँदैन, त्यहाँ पहिलो… दोस्रो… तेस्रो… चौथो अवस्थाका श्रमण [स्रोतापन्न, सकृदागामी, अनागामी वा अर्हन्त] पाइँदैनन्। तर जुन धर्म र विनयमा आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग पाइन्छ, त्यहाँ पहिलो… दोस्रो… तेस्रो… चौथो अवस्थाका श्रमण पाइन्छन्। यस धर्म र विनयमा आर्य अष्टाङ्गिक मार्ग पाइन्छ, र यहीँ पहिलो… दोस्रो… तेस्रो… चौथो अवस्थाका श्रमण छन्। अन्य शिक्षाहरू ज्ञानी श्रमणबाट शून्य छन्। भिक्षुहरू सम्यक् रूपमा विहार गरे भने यो संसार अर्हन्तहरूबाट शून्य हुनेछैन।”

"In any doctrine & discipline where the noble eightfold path is not found, no contemplative of the first... second... third... fourth order [stream-winner, once-returner, non-returner, or arahant] is found. But in any doctrine & discipline where the noble eightfold path is found, contemplatives of the first... second... third... fourth order are found. The noble eightfold path is found in this doctrine & discipline, and right here there are contemplatives of the first... second... third... fourth order. Other teachings are empty of knowledgeable contemplatives. And if the monks dwell rightly, this world will not be empty of arahants."